首次全女性太空行走取消 竟因航天服“不合身”【半岛·体育(BOB)中国官方网站】

本文摘要：NASA’s plan to make a little space history with the first all-woman spacewalk has hit a snag: The right size spacesuit isn’t ready.美国宇航局原本想在太空史上迈进一小步，实行首次仅有女性太空行走任务，却车祸遇上了艰难，原因竟然没有准备好衣装的航天服。

NASA’s plan to make a little space history with the first all-woman spacewalk has hit a snag: The right size spacesuit isn’t ready.美国宇航局原本想在太空史上迈进一小步，实行首次仅有女性太空行走任务，却车祸遇上了艰难，原因竟然没有准备好衣装的航天服。Astronauts Anne McClain and Christina Koch were expected to continue the installation of new lithium-ion batteries for the International Space Station’s solar energy system on March 29. Work on the project began on March 22 when McClain and another astronaut, Nick Hague, spent almost seven hours working in free fall outside the station.3月29日，宇航员安妮·麦克莱恩和克里斯蒂娜·科赫本来计划之后为国际空间站的太阳能系统加装新的锂离子电池。这项工程于3月22日开始，麦克莱恩和另外一名宇航员尼克·黑格在空间站外的微重力状态下工作了近7个小时。

McClain learned during her first spacewalk that a medium-size hard upper torso—essentially the shirt of the spacesuit—fits her best,” NASA said in a news release announcing that Hague and Koch would handle the next stage of the task instead. “Because only one medium-size torso can be made ready by Friday, March 29, Koch will wear it.”美国宇航局在新闻发布会上宣告，下一阶段的工作将由黑格和科赫已完成。“麦克莱恩在第一次太空行走时找到，中号的硬壳内衣更加合适她。因为3月29日（周五）只有一件现成的中号内衣，这件衣服将给科赫用于。”The mission had originally planned for Koch, a former US Army aviator, to wear a large-size torso for her spacewalk with McClain, an aerospace engineer.这次太空行走的任务原计划由前美军飞行员科赫穿著大号宇航内衣和航空工程师麦克莱恩一起已完成。

The ISS only has one medium-sized hard upper spacesuit torso prepared for extra-vehicular activity (EVA), with the other acting as a spare. A NASA spokesperson told Quartz the station has two large torsos and one extra-large torso ready, plus a spare extra-large torso. Neither of the spares can be configured in time for the EVA planned for four days from now.国际空间站只有一件中号的宇航硬壳内衣用作舱外活动，另外一件拔着可用。美国宇航局的一名发言人告诉他石英财经网说道，国际空间站有两件大号和一件增大号的宇航内衣，还有一件增大号的可用内衣。这两件可用内衣都无法在四天内新的调整好尺寸用作舱外活动。

We do our best to anticipate the spacesuit sizes that each astronaut will need, based on the spacesuit size they wore in training on the ground, and in some cases astronauts train in multiple sizes,” NASA spokesperson Brandi Dean told Quartz in an email. However, individuals’ sizing needs may change when they are on orbit, in response to the changes living in microgravity can bring about in a body. In addition, no one training environment can fully simulate performing a spacewalk in microgravity, and an individual may find that their sizing preferences change in space.”美国宇航局的发言人布兰迪·迪安在一封电邮中告诉他石英财经网说道：“我们不会基于宇航员在地面训练时穿着的太空服尺码来竭力预估每位宇航员的太空服尺码，某些情况下宇航员穿有所不同尺码的太空服展开训练。但是，宇航员坐落于轨道上时，对尺码的市场需求可能会根据微重力条件下身体再次发生的变化而变化。此外，没哪个训练环境需要几乎模拟出微重力条件下太空行走的状态，宇航员可能会发现自己合适的尺码在太空中再次发生了转变。

”Working in a spacesuit is one of the most physically demanding of an astronaut’s duties. Though they are in free-fall, moving their arms and hands inside the suit requires them to push against the pressurized internal atmosphere that keeps them alive and the protective gauntlet of the suit itself. A poorly-fitting suit would seem likely to add unnecessary difficulty to a risky activity. Already, astronauts working multi-hour shifts lose track of tools that drop off into space.穿著太空服工作是对体力拒绝最低的宇航员职责之一。尽管他们正处于微重力状态下，在太空服内活动胳膊和手必须忍受保持存活的内部气压和太空服金属防水层的重量。不合身的太空服将有可能给本就有风险的太空活动减少不必要的艰难。

过去就曾再次发生过宇航员在倒数数小时工作后因体力不支而让工具大打出手落到太空中。The lack of spacesuit sizing options reflects the composition of NASA’s astronauts: The most recent class consisted of seven men and five women, but only 12 of the 38 currently active astronauts are women. Female astronauts have still been major participants in EVAs: Susan Helms shares the record for longest duration, spending nearly nine hours outside the airlock; Peggy Whitson has made 10 trips, for a cumulative 60-plus hours in free-fall.宇航服尺码选项缺少体现出有美国宇航局的人员结构：最近（继续执行任务）的一组宇航员是七名男性、五名女性，但是38名现役宇航员中只有12名是女性。

不过，女性宇航员仍是舱外活动的主要参与者：苏珊·海尔姆斯和另外一名男宇航员联合维持着舱外活动最久时间纪录，在舱外童年近9个小时；佩吉·惠特森一共展开过10次舱外活动，在微重力状态下总计童年了60多个小时。An all-women spacewalk will have to wait, but McClain is scheduled to head out the airlock again on April 8 alongside Canadian astronaut David Saint-Jacques.仅有女性太空行走还有待构建，但麦克莱恩已被决定在4月8日再度展开舱外活动，预计她的搭挡将是加拿大宇航员戴维·圣雅克。

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